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Oxford Phrase
Oxford Phrase - Lesson 54
1/30

prior to

ترجمه: قبل از, پیش از, مقدم بر, قبل از اینکه

مترادف‌ها: before, preceding, ahead of

متضادها: after, subsequent to, following, by the time (that)…

تعاریف:

مقدم بر
Before a particular time or event.
she visited me on the day prior to her death

primary school

ترجمه: مدرسه ابتدایی, مدرسه پایه, دبستان

مترادف‌ها: elementary school, primary education institution, grade school

متضادها: university, college, high school, secondary school

تعاریف:

دبستان, مدرسه ابتدایی, مدرسه‌ی ابتدایی (elementary school هم می‌گویند), کودکستان و دبستان سه کلاسه
A primary school is a school for children between the ages of 5 and 11.
...eight- to nine-year-olds in their third year at primary school.

science fiction

ترجمه: تخیلی علمی, علمی تخیلی, داستان تخیلی علمی, ادبیات علمی تخیلی

مترادف‌ها: speculative fiction, fantasy, futurism

متضادها: non-fiction, reality, fact

تعاریف:

داستان تخیلی علمی, علمی-تخیلی (داستان و فیلم), افسانه علمی
Fiction based on imagined future scientific or technological advances and major social or environmental changes, frequently portraying space or time travel and life on other planets.
He has composed for a variety of genres but science fiction, horror and fantasy stories dominate his filmography.

the former

ترجمه: سابق, پیشین, قبلی

مترادف‌ها: the first, the previous, the earlier

متضادها: the latter, the second, the following

تعاریف:

سابق
the first of two people or things that you have just mentioned
 Of the two possibilities, the former seems more likely.

secondary school

ترجمه: دبیرستان, مدرسه دوم, مدرسه متوسطه

مترادف‌ها: high school, junior secondary school, middle school

متضادها: primary school, elementary school, university

تعاریف:

دبیرستان, مدرسه متوسطه, مدرسه‌ی متوسطه
a school for children between the ages of 11 and 18, approximately:
UK He was educated at the local secondary school in Shettlestone.

prime minister

ترجمه: نخست‌وزیر, وزیر اول, نخستین وزیر

مترادف‌ها: head of government, chief minister, premier

متضادها: citizen, ordinary member, subject

تعاریف:

نخست‌وزیر, صدر‌اعظم
The head of an elected government; the principal minister of a sovereign or state.
as title 'the Japanese prime minister argued strongly against it

role model

ترجمه: الگوی رفتاری, نمونه مثبت, الگو, مدل رفتاری

مترادف‌ها: exemplar, inspiration, mentor

متضادها: anti-role model, bad example, negative influence

تعاریف:

الگو, (آدم) سرمشق (دیگران), نمونه, سرمشق, اسوه, الهام‌بخش
A person looked to by others as an example to be imitated.
His stubborn integrity has made him a consistently interesting and evolving artist and a role model for a more ideal art world.

take part

ترجمه: مشارکت کردن, نقش داشتن, به عمل آمدن, شرکت کردن

مترادف‌ها: join in, participate, engage

متضادها: withdraw, refrain, avoid

تعاریف:

نقش داشتن, شرکت داشتن, شرکت کردن
Join in an activity; be involved.
we have come here to take part in a major game

swimming pool

ترجمه: استخر شنا, حوضچه شنا, استخر

مترادف‌ها: pool, natatorium, swimming area

متضادها: desert, dry land, landmass

تعاریف:

استخر شنا
An artificial pool for swimming in.
Hordes of people struggling to keep cool headed straight for paddling pools and swimming pools across the region.

that is to say

ترجمه: یعنی, به عبارت دیگر, بدین معنا

مترادف‌ها: that is, i mean, in other words, namely, to put it another way, in the sense (that), (so) in other words

تعاریف:

به عبارت دیگر, که این است که بگوییم, یعنی
used before giving more details or being more exact about something
 They, that’s to say Matt and John, were arguing about what to do.

take place

ترجمه: صورت گرفتن, رخ دادن, انجام شدن

مترادف‌ها: happen, occur, happen to, transpire, happen to sb/sth

متضادها: cease, stop, avoid

تعاریف:

رخ دادن, اتفاق افتادن, صورت گرفتن, برگزار شدن
Occur.
people laid flowers at the spot where the crash took place

to a greater or lesser extent

ترجمه: به میزان بیشتر یا کمتر, به وسیله بیشتر یا کمتر, به اندازه بیشتر یا کمتری

مترادف‌ها: to varying degrees, to some degree, to some extent

متضادها: not at all, completely, entirely

تعاریف:

به میزان بیشتر یا کمتر
used to emphasize that something is always true, even though it is more true or noticeable in some situations than others
 Most companies operate in conditions that are to a greater or lesser extent competitive.

rather than

ترجمه: در عوض, به جای, به جای اینکه

مترادف‌ها: instead, instead of, rather, in preference to

متضادها: as well as, instead, in place of, in lieu of

تعاریف:

به جای, در عوض
instead of
 I think you’d call it a lecture rather than a talk.

search engine

ترجمه: موتور جستجو, پایگاه جستجو, دستگاه جستجو

مترادف‌ها: web crawler, information retrieval system, query processor

متضادها: archive, database, static site

تعاریف:

موتور جستجو
A program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites on the World Wide Web.
Google was not the first search engine on the Internet, but it has been the most successful one by far.

such that

ترجمه: به طوری که, به نحوی که, چنانکه

مترادف‌ها: in a manner that, in a way that, so that

متضادها: regardless of, without considering, in a random way

تعاریف:

به طوری که
To the extent that.
the linking of sentences such that they constitute a narrative

to bear in mind

ترجمه: در نظر داشتن, به خاطر سپردن, در ذهن داشته باشید, به یاد داشتن

مترادف‌ها: consider, remember, keep in mind

متضادها: forget, ignore, overlook

تعاریف:

در ذهن داشته باشید
If you tell someone to bear something in mind or to keep something in mind, you are reminding or warning them about something important which they should remember.
Bear in mind that petrol stations are scarce in the more remote areas.

to do with

ترجمه: ربط داشتن با, مربوط به, در ارتباط با, انجام دادن با

مترادف‌ها: related to, concerned with, associated with

متضادها: unrelated, disconnected, irrelevant

تعاریف:

انجام دادن با
to work secretly with someone to achieve something, especially something wrong
They connived with their mother to deceive me.

so that

ترجمه: به طوری که, تا, برای اینکه

مترادف‌ها: in order to, such that, in order that, for the purpose of, to ensure that, in such a way (that)…, in such a way, in such a way (that)

متضادها: regardless of, without concern for

تعاریف:

تا, به طوری که, به همین دلیل, به همین خاطر
in order to make something happen, make something possible etc
He lowered his voice so Doris couldn’t hear.

relating to

ترجمه: وابسته به, مرتبط با, در ارتباط با, مربوط به

مترادف‌ها: connected to, pertaining to, associated with

متضادها: unrelated to, disconnected from, independent of

تعاریف:

مرتبط با, مربوط به
about or concerning
 documents relating to immigration laws

together with

ترجمه: در کنار, به همراه, همراه با, با هم

مترادف‌ها: alongside, and, along, as well as, along with, in conjunction with, along with sb/sth, in conjunction with sb/sth

متضادها: instead, aside from, as opposed to, except for, other than, apart from, separately, individually, with the exception of, with the exception of sb/sth

تعاریف:

In addition to.
She brought her brother together with her.
Alongside; in the company of.
He traveled together with his friends.

public transport

ترجمه: حمل و نقل عمومی, ترابری عمومی, وسایل نقلیه عمومی

مترادف‌ها: mass transit, public transit, commuter transport

متضادها: car, private transport, personal vehicle, individual transport

تعاریف:

حمل و نقل عمومی, حمل‌ونقل عمومی
a system of vehicles such as buses and trains that operate at regular times on fixed routes and are used by the public:
Greater investment in public transport would keep more cars off the roads.

the first thing

ترجمه: اولین امر, اولین مورد, اولین چیز

مترادف‌ها: initial matter, primary concern, first priority

متضادها: last thing, final consideration, subsequent matter

تعاریف:

اولین چیز
even one thing
he doesn't know the first thing about me

something like

ترجمه: چیزی مثل, مانند چیزی, چیزی شبیه

مترادف‌ها: similar to, resembling, such as

متضادها: nothing like, distinct from, unlike

تعاریف:

چیزی مثل
similar to:
He cursed himself for not having foreseen that something like this might happen.

the fact that

ترجمه: حقیقت این است که, مسأله این است که, این حقیقت که, این واقعیت که

مترادف‌ها: the reality that, the situation that, the truth that

متضادها: the fiction that, the misconception that, the fallacy that

تعاریف:

این حقیقت که
Used to refer to a particular situation under discussion.
the real problem facing them is the fact that their funds are being cut

quality of life

ترجمه: سطح زندگی, کیفیت زندگی, کیفیت معیشت

مترادف‌ها: standard of living, well-being, life satisfaction

متضادها: poor quality of life, deprivation, misery

تعاریف:

کیفیت زندگی
The standard of health, comfort, and happiness experienced by an individual or group.
the things that are needed for a good quality of life

subject to

ترجمه: محتاج به, منوط به, مشروط به, تابع

مترادف‌ها: put through, conditional, contingent upon, dependent, up to sb, dependent on

متضادها: unconditional, independent, free, no matter…

تعاریف:

Likely to be affected by something.
The project is subject to approval by the board.
Dependent on a particular condition.
All offers are subject to availability.

the latter

ترجمه: دوم, اخیر, دومی

مترادف‌ها: the second, the final

متضادها: the former

تعاریف:

دومی
the second of two people or things just mentioned
 Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

regardless of

ترجمه: مستقل از, صرف نظر از, بی توجه به, علیرغم

مترادف‌ها: despite, irrespective of, notwithstanding, despite the fact that…, in spite of sth, whether or not…, (even) in the absence of (any)

متضادها: because of, in the light of, in so far as, such that, so that, depending on, considering, regarding, as long as…, due to sb/sth

تعاریف:

علیرغم, صرف نظر از, بدون توجه, صرف‌نظر
Without regard or consideration for.
the allowance is paid regardless of age or income

that's it

ترجمه: همین است, تمام شد, همینه, تمام شد.

مترادف‌ها: that's all, that's the end, that's enough

متضادها: not yet, more to come, keep going

تعاریف:

تمام شد., خودشه, تمام شد و رفت., خودش است, همین است., درست است.
used to say that something has ended:
Well, that's it, we're done - we can go home now.

the following

ترجمه: موارد زیر, پیامدهای بعدی, (اشخاص یا چیزهای) زیر, دنبال کرده

مترادف‌ها: subsequent, next, ensuing

متضادها: the former, preceding, prior, before, the above

تعاریف:

(اشخاص یا چیزهای) زیر, ذیل, آنچه در زیر می‌آید
the people or things that you are going to mention
 The following have been selected to play in tomorrow’s game: Louise Carus, Fiona Douglas ...